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Training & Fine-tuningHard· Loss Spikes· Numerical Stability· Pre-training

Your 70B pre-training run is showing periodic loss spik...

To investigate, first distinguish a data quality spike (a bad batch artifact) from structural drift. Data quality issues usually recover in 1-2k steps, whereas structural drift recovers slowly and tends to recur. Check gradient norms for correlated spikes. If log Z(x) has been trending upward for tens of thousands of steps before each spike, you are experiencing logit scale drift. The recommended fix is to add z-loss from the start of the next run.

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